Category: Studies

Coffee is not just a daily beverage; it represents a key part of many cultures around the world. In Armenia, coffee goes beyond being a drink to become a rich experience deeply rooted in history and tradition. Armenian coffee, known as soorj, is prepared in a special way passed down through generations. It stands out for its unique flavor and the traditional method of preparation that gives it cultural depth.

What Makes Armenian Coffee Unique?

Armenian coffee differs from other types of coffee due to its distinctive preparation process. The coffee beans are ground to a very fine consistency, then brewed in a long-necked metal pot called a jazzve, over low heat. The mixture is stirred constantly until it begins to bubble. This process results in a rich, concentrated coffee with a thick texture. The coffee is then poured into small cups, similar to espresso cups, and served hot for a flavorful experience in every sip.

The Traditional Preparation of Armenian Coffee

Preparing Armenian coffee involves simple yet precise steps to ensure the perfect flavor. First, finely ground coffee beans are used. A specific amount of water is placed in the jazzve, and coffee and sugar are added according to taste. The mixture is slowly brought to a boil over medium heat, stirring constantly until it begins to bubble. The jazzve is then removed from the heat and returned two or three more times to boil, ensuring a rich flavor and desired thickness.

When and Where Can You Enjoy Armenian Coffee?

Armenian coffee is not tied to a specific time of day. It can be enjoyed in the morning or after a hearty lunch, as its balanced flavor makes it suitable for any time. Unlike some stronger types of coffee, like espresso, Armenian coffee is lighter, making it an ideal choice to enjoy at any time without worrying about the jittery effects of caffeine.

What Goes Well with Armenian Coffee?

Armenian coffee is often served with traditional sweets, such as pistachio-filled baklava or other pastries. The balance between the sweetness of the dessert and the concentrated flavor of the coffee creates a complete experience that satisfies both coffee and dessert lovers alike.

Why Should You Try Armenian Coffee?

Armenian coffee is not just a drink; it’s a cultural experience in itself. Its preparation and serving methods reflect a rich heritage passed down through generations, making it an integral part of daily life in Armenia. Whether you’re a coffee enthusiast or looking to explore a new flavor, Armenian coffee offers a journey into a world of distinct tastes and traditions.

The 2024 National Coffee Data Trends (NCDT) Specialty Coffee Report by the National Coffee Association (NCA) provides an in-depth look at the evolving landscape of coffee consumption in the United States, with a particular focus on specialty coffee. The report sheds light on significant trends, consumer demographics, and coffee consumption behaviors, providing a snapshot of how specialty coffee has continued to gain prominence despite economic challenges.

Rising Specialty Coffee Consumption

In January 2024, 45% of American adults reported consuming a specialty coffee in the past day—an all-time high. This represents a 4 percentage point (pp) increase compared to 2023 and an 80% surge since 2011​(SRC_2024)​(2024 SCR Highlights). This growth is largely driven by the increasing popularity of espresso-based beverages (26%) and non-espresso beverages such as cold brews and frozen blended coffee, which continue to appeal to younger consumers even in winter months​(SRC_2024).

Key Consumer Demographics

The report highlights that the strongest penetration of specialty coffee consumption is among individuals aged 25-39, with 66% of this age group consuming specialty coffee in the past week. This demographic is less affected by financial concerns, allowing them to continue indulging in premium coffee beverages​(SRC_2024). The next highest consumption rate is seen in the 18-24 age group, with frozen blended coffee being particularly popular with 25% of individuals in this cohort choosing it as their preferred drink​(SRC_2024).

Hispanic-Americans stand out as a key ethnic group driving specialty coffee consumption. In January 2024, 69% of Hispanic-American adults consumed specialty coffee in the past week, with a particular preference for espresso-based beverages like café mocha and Caffè Americano​(SRC_2024).

The Role of Cultural Trends

The report underscores the influence of cultural and social factors on the rising popularity of specialty coffee, especially among younger consumers. Approximately 75% of past-week specialty coffee drinkers agree that drinking cold brew is perceived as “cool or trendy,” highlighting the role of coffee in contemporary social trends​(SRC_2024)​(2024 SCR Highlights).

Preparation Methods and In-Home Brewing

In-home coffee preparation remains the dominant method of consumption for most Americans, with 75% of specialty coffee drinkers preparing at least one cup of coffee at home in the past day​(SRC_2024). While drip coffee makers (32%) and single-cup brewers (25%) remain the most popular methods, there has been a notable increase in the use of ready-to-drink (RTD) options, which grew by 10 percentage points compared to 2023​(SRC_2024).

Interestingly, specialty coffee drinkers are more likely to engage with out-of-home coffee preparation than traditional coffee drinkers. In the past week, 55% of specialty coffee drinkers enjoyed a coffee made outside the home, whether from coffee shops, restaurants, or cafes​(SRC_2024).

Specialty Coffee Versus Traditional Coffee

Specialty coffee drinkers, on average, consume more coffee per day than traditional coffee drinkers. In January 2024, past-day specialty coffee drinkers consumed an average of 2.8 cups per day compared to the 1.8 cups per day consumed by traditional coffee drinkers​(SRC_2024). This trend points to the stronger engagement of specialty coffee drinkers with premium coffee experiences, even in times of rising inflation​(2024 SCR Highlights).

Moreover, 83% of the coffee consumed by specialty coffee drinkers is specialty coffee, reinforcing their loyalty to high-quality, premium beverages​(SRC_2024).

Challenges and Resilience Amid Financial Pressures

Despite heightened financial anxieties due to inflation, specialty coffee consumption has remained resilient. Many consumers have shifted their coffee habits to more cost-effective in-home brewing solutions, using espresso machines and slow-drip cold brew makers. However, the increasing demand for premium coffee experiences suggests that consumers are finding ways to balance financial challenges with their passion for coffee​(SRC_2024)​(2024 SCR Highlights).

Global Influence and Beverage Preferences

The report also touches on Americans’ experiences with global coffee beverages. Specialty coffee drinkers show more adventurous tendencies compared to traditional coffee drinkers, trying a wide range of global coffee drinks such as Arabic coffee, Turkish coffee, and Vietnamese coffee. However, about 40% of specialty coffee drinkers have not yet tried these global options, suggesting an opportunity for further exploration of international coffee culture in the U.S.​(SRC_2024)​(2024 SCR Highlights).

Conclusion

The 2024 NCDT Specialty Coffee Report provides a comprehensive overview of the growing specialty coffee segment in the United States. The data illustrates how cultural and social factors, driven largely by younger demographics, are shaping the coffee industry. As specialty coffee continues to gain traction, its influence on consumer habits, preparation methods, and beverage choices is poised to keep evolving, solidifying its place as a key driver in the broader coffee market.

Despite the financial challenges many Americans face, the continued demand for specialty coffee signals a deep-rooted connection to the premium coffee experience, making this segment one to watch in the years ahead.

The International Coffee Organization (ICO) has released its latest Coffee Market Report for August 2024, revealing significant developments in coffee prices and exports. For the second consecutive month, Robusta prices have reached a 47-year high, a notable trend driven by constrained supply and ongoing geopolitical challenges.

Green Coffee Prices Surge

In August 2024, the ICO Composite Indicator Price (I-CIP) averaged 238.92 US cents/lb, reflecting a 1.0% increase from July and a staggering 54.6% rise year-on-year. The continued upward pressure on prices has been attributed to tight global supply chains and heightened demand.

All major coffee types saw price increases:

• Colombian Milds rose by 2.3% to 263.76 US cents/lb.
• Other Milds increased by 1.7% to 261.44 US cents/lb.
• Brazilian Naturals edged up by 1.0% to 242.19 US cents/lb.
• Robustas remained stable at 214.68 US cents/lb, maintaining their elevated levels.

The report highlights that tight supply conditions, combined with geopolitical tensions, continue to disrupt shipping logistics, pushing prices higher. Shipping routes have been diverted due to Middle East instability, further complicating supply chain operations.

Global Exports Increase

Coffee exports showed robust growth, with total green coffee exports reaching 10.03 million bags in July 2024, a 9.6% increase compared to July 2023. The coffee year-to-date total for 2023/24 has now reached 103.08 million bags, up 10.6% from the previous year.

Key growth drivers in exports were:

• Colombian Milds surged by 17.7%, reaching 1.05 million bags, with Colombia leading the way.
• Brazilian Naturals increased by 18.0%, thanks to strong contributions from Brazil and Ethiopia, recovering from logistical challenges earlier in the year.
• Robustas saw modest growth of 3.3%, with gains in Uganda and Brazil offsetting a sharp decline in Vietnam, the world’s largest Robusta exporter.

Regional Export Trends

The report highlighted diverse regional trends:

• Asia & Oceania experienced an 8.1% decline in exports due to tight supplies in Vietnam, awaiting the next harvest. However, Indonesia’s exports grew by 57.3%, partly balancing the region’s overall downturn.
• Africa emerged as a strong performer, with exports rising by 34.7%, driven by significant growth in Ethiopia and Uganda. Ethiopia’s exports jumped by 63.6%, while Uganda’s were up 27.2%, boosted by a larger Robusta crop.
• South America saw a substantial 26.0% increase in exports, with Brazil contributing to this surge with its 26.2% growth in shipments.

Soluble Coffee Leads Growth in Forms of Coffee

Soluble coffee exports saw the most dramatic rise, increasing by 38.8% in July 2024, reaching 1.2 million bags compared to 0.86 million bags the previous year. Brazil continued to dominate as the largest exporter of soluble coffee. Additionally, roasted bean exports were up 13.0%, totaling 60,651 bags.

Supply and Demand Outlook

Looking ahead, the ICO report forecasts global coffee production for the 2023/24 coffee year at 178.0 million bags, a 5.8% increase from the previous year. Arabica production is expected to rise by 8.8%, while Robusta production will see a more modest 2.1% increase.

On the demand side, global coffee consumption is projected to grow by 2.2%, reaching 177.0 million bags. This reflects continued strong demand in both exporting and importing countries, particularly in regions such as Asia & Oceania and North America, where consumption is expected to rise by 2.7% and 3.8%, respectively.

Market Dynamics and Future Outlook

The ICO report also touches on broader economic factors influencing the coffee market. Rising interest rates have constrained stockholding, making large-scale purchases financially unfeasible. However, recent signals from central bankers, particularly at the Jackson Hole symposium, suggest a potential shift toward lower interest rates. This could alleviate financing constraints and reduce reliance on just-in-time buying, potentially softening price pressures in the near future.

Certified coffee stocks saw modest increases, with Robusta stocks in London growing by 2.3%, reaching 1.01 million bags, and Arabica stocks in New York rising by 4.5% to 0.91 million bags.

Conclusion

The August 2024 Coffee Market Report presents a dynamic picture of the global coffee industry, with prices continuing to rise due to supply chain disruptions and strong demand. While some regions, such as Africa and South America, have seen robust export growth, others, like Asia & Oceania, face challenges, particularly Vietnam.

As the coffee industry navigates these evolving conditions, potential monetary policy shifts and improved logistics could offer relief to a market currently under strain from elevated prices and supply limitations.

This report underscores the complexity and volatility of the coffee market, with geopolitical factors, economic policies, and supply-demand balances all playing pivotal roles in shaping the future of global coffee trade.

In recent years, the British economy has undergone significant changes that have affected the labor market in general and the coffee industry in particular. Brexit and its associated economic repercussions, such as increased import costs and changes in labor and immigration policies, have had a substantial impact on the hospitality sector. These changes have placed increasing pressure on businesses in the coffee industry, especially those that rely on foreign labor.

Challenges Facing the Coffee Industry in Britain

The coffee industry in Britain faces a range of challenges that go beyond labor unions. Among these challenges are the rising rental costs in major cities like London, which place immense financial pressure on small and medium-sized coffee shops. Additionally, there are significant fluctuations in global coffee prices due to climatic and political factors, adding further burden to production costs.

The Growing Role of Specialty Coffee in Britain

In recent years, Britain has seen a marked increase in the popularity of specialty coffee, with consumers becoming more aware of the quality of the coffee they drink. This shift towards specialty coffee has not only changed market dynamics but has also affected labor relations within coffee shops. The skills and knowledge required to prepare specialty coffee have become essential, leading workers to seek greater recognition for their work and improved working conditions.

The Impact of Old Legislation on Unionization in the Coffee Sector

Labor unions in Britain are hindered by legal restrictions dating back to the Thatcher era, making it extremely difficult to organize workers in large companies like Starbucks and Costa. The current law requires that a majority of the entire workforce of a company vote in favor of unionization, meaning that unions must recruit thousands of members to achieve this. This requirement makes unionization a significant challenge, especially given the low awareness among workers of their union rights.

The Role of Technological Advancements in Empowering Workers

Technology is playing an increasingly important role in empowering workers in the coffee sector, providing social media platforms and digital communication channels as a means for workers to connect and organize themselves away from management’s scrutiny. These tools have become vital in unionization efforts, allowing workers to share information and coordinate activities quickly and effectively.

The Future of Unions in the British Coffee Industry

Despite the numerous challenges facing labor unions in Britain’s coffee industry, there are genuine opportunities for positive change. The shift towards specialty coffee and the growing awareness among workers of their rights could form the basis for a stronger union movement in the future. Additionally, Britain may witness changes in labor legislation under pressure from unions and advocacy groups, which could facilitate unionization efforts in the future.

Conclusion

While the coffee industry in Britain faces significant challenges regarding union organization, there are opportunities to improve working conditions and strengthen unions in this sector. By raising awareness of the importance of union organization and effectively utilizing technology, workers can make tangible progress toward better rights and a more sustainable future.

Aging often brings about a decline in muscle strength and mobility, a condition known as sarcopenia. While regular exercise remains the gold standard for combating this issue, a recent study suggests that something as simple as drinking coffee could also play a vital role in maintaining muscle mass and strength as we age.

The study, conducted by researchers from the Japan Geriatrics Society and published in Geriatrics and Gerontology International in August 2021, examined the coffee consumption habits of over 6,000 Japanese adults aged 45 to 74. The findings revealed a significant association between higher coffee intake and increased skeletal muscle mass, as well as stronger grip strength—both key indicators of muscle health. Specifically, women who consumed three or more cups of coffee daily had 0.5 percent more skeletal muscle mass compared to those who did not consume coffee. This is noteworthy given that women typically lose around 0.4 percent of their skeletal muscle mass annually.

Furthermore, another study published in the British Journal of Nutrition found similar results, emphasizing that habitual coffee consumption was linked to a lower prevalence of low muscle mass among middle-aged and older Japanese individuals. Interestingly, this association appeared to be independent of coffee’s anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting that other mechanisms might be at play.

However, the researchers caution that while these results are promising, they stem from just one study. Ryan Balmes, a board-certified orthopedic and sports physical therapist, emphasized that although the data suggests coffee may help prevent age-related muscle loss, more comprehensive studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Moreover, experts like Sarah C. Smith, a geriatric specialist, highlight that while coffee might contribute to muscle preservation, it should not replace other essential measures such as regular exercise and a balanced diet. Resistance exercises, in particular, are crucial for maintaining and even growing muscle mass throughout life.

In summary, while coffee alone isn’t a magic bullet for muscle health, it could serve as an additional tool in maintaining strength and mobility as we age. This aligns with an emerging body of research that points to coffee as a potentially valuable component in a holistic approach to preventing sarcopenia. However, it’s essential to remember that it should complement, not replace, other well-established practices like exercise and proper nutrition.

The International Coffee Organization (ICO) has released its Coffee Market Report for July 2024, revealing significant developments in global coffee prices and market dynamics.

Surge in Coffee Prices

The ICO Composite Indicator Price (I-CIP) for July 2024 reached an average of 236.54 US cents per pound, marking a 4.3% increase from June 2024. This rise in prices is evident across various coffee groups:

• Colombian Milds: Increased by 3.0% to 257.82 US cents per pound.
• Other Milds: Rose by 3.5% to 257.10 US cents per pound.
• Robustas: Showed the strongest growth at 5.1%, averaging 214.72 US cents per pound.
• Brazilian Naturals: Appreciated by 4.6% to 239.70 US cents per pound.

The report also noted a contraction in the Colombian Milds–Other Milds differential to 0.72 US cents per pound and a 6.7% reduction in the arbitrage between the London and New York futures markets, bringing it down to 40.69 US cents per pound.

Market Volatility and Stock Levels

The intra-day volatility of the I-CIP decreased by 0.9 percentage points, averaging 11.4% in July. Meanwhile, certified stocks showed modest growth:

• London certified stocks: Expanded by 1.7%, reaching 0.99 million bags.
• Arabica coffee certified stocks: Increased by 0.9% to 0.87 million 60-kg bags.

Export Trends by Coffee Groups

Global exports of green coffee beans presented mixed results:

• Colombian Milds: Jumped by 26.0% to 1.04 million bags in June 2024.
• Other Milds: Increased by 2.4% to 2.34 million bags.
• Brazilian Naturals: Climbed by 22.3% to 3.1 million bags.
• Robustas: Declined by 12.7% to 3.3 million bags.

Regional Export Performance

Export performance varied significantly across regions:

• Asia & Oceania: Dropped by 33.0% to 2.43 million bags.
• Africa: Rose by 31.6% to 1.75 million bags.
• South America: Grew by 34.7% to 4.85 million bags.
• Mexico & Central America: Fell by 4.2% to 1.76 million bags.

Coffee Forms Export Data

• Soluble Coffee: Exports increased by 6.5% to 0.94 million bags.
• Roasted Beans: Exports decreased by 24.4% to 59,467 bags.

Influencing Factors

The report highlighted key factors influencing the coffee market:

• Price Trends: The I-CIP followed a bell curve pattern, peaking at 251.68 US cents per pound on July 9. A small surplus of 1 million bags and a decade-long negative production balance applied upward pressure on prices.
• Interest Rates Impact: Prospective cuts in interest rates and dissipating frost in Brazil’s main coffee-producing regions helped ease the I-CIP towards the end of the month.
• Stockholding Costs: High interest rates increased the cost of holding stocks, prompting traders and roasters to buy coffee on shorter-term contracts, thus boosting market activity and short-term demand.

Production and Consumption Outlook

The ICO estimates global coffee production for the 2023/24 coffee year at 178.0 million bags, a 5.8% increase from the previous year. Arabica production is projected to rise by 8.8% to 102.2 million bags, while Robusta production is expected to grow by 2.1% to 75.8 million bags. Global coffee consumption is anticipated to increase by 2.2% to 177.0 million bags in 2023/24.

The July 2024 Coffee Market Report by the International Coffee Organization underscores the robust growth in global coffee prices and highlights key market dynamics, offering valuable insights for stakeholders in the coffee industry.

The annual World Coffee Championships bring together some of the biggest names in the coffee industry, and in recent years, the World Coffee Roasting Championship has become a standout event in the specialty coffee scene.

In 2024, the prestigious competition took place at World of Coffee Copenhagen in Denmark, where over 20 competitors battled for the coveted title of World Champion. This event aims to spotlight the most skilled professional roasters worldwide, evaluating them on green coffee grading, sample roasting, sensory analysis, production planning, and blending abilities.

To win, competitors must refine their theoretical and practical expertise to the highest level.

Inside the World Coffee Roasting Championship

The World Coffee Roasting Championship is a three-stage event where national roasting champions compete for global recognition. Certified judges assess roasters on their ability to evaluate green coffee quality, develop roast profiles that highlight the coffee’s sensory attributes, and achieve the best cup quality.

Eduardo Choza, Director of Coffee at Mayorga Coffee and the 2024 US Coffee Roasting Champion, describes the event as “the pinnacle of coffee roasting competitions. As a roaster, it’s a huge honor to take part.”

Competitors receive five different coffees: one to sample roast, one single origin, and three for blending. All are arabica beans sourced from various origins, processed in different ways.

The competition unfolds in three stages:

1. First Round: Competitors practice and evaluate their green coffee, conduct a sample roast, participate in an open cupping session, and develop a roast plan.
2. Second Round: Production roasting.
3. Third Round: Evaluating and scoring production roasts according to each competitor’s roast plan.

Since its inception in Nice, France, in 2013, the championship has grown in popularity. Initially featuring ten competitors from Asia and Europe, this year’s event in Copenhagen saw participants from 20 countries across five continents, including five coffee-producing nations.

Following a Competitor’s Journey

Success in the World Coffee Roasting Championship requires extensive preparation and training. Eduardo, the 2024 US Coffee Roasting Champion, trained by familiarizing himself with sponsor equipment, such as the Link sample roaster and the Stronghold S9X.

“Solid sensory knowledge is crucial,” Eduardo explains. “You need to know how to cup and roast coffee on various machines to adjust a wide range of variables. Even if you’re unfamiliar with a specific machine, having the knowledge and skill will help you succeed in the competition. Understanding green grading is also essential – knowing how bean density, origin, and processing method impact your roast plan.”

Challenges in Coffee Competitions

One major criticism of coffee competitions is their lack of inclusivity, diversity, and accessibility. Competing demands significant time and financial investment, often limiting participation to professionals from high-income countries.

“Competing requires substantial resources,” Eduardo says. “Financial investment and time commitment are crucial. The inability to afford these resources can restrict access and prevent many talented individuals from participating. I would love to see more Latin American nations take part.”

Additionally, there is limited information available about roasting competitions compared to other WCC events. Prospective participants can read the rules and regulations, but hands-on expertise is vital for success.

“One of the biggest challenges I faced was getting to know the machines and the learning curve that came with that,” Eduardo shares. “The US Roasting Championship took place in April, leaving me with just two months to prepare.”

Tips and Advice from a Roasting Champion

Practice is key in specialty coffee competitions. Eduardo encourages continuous development and testing of skills. “Compete to improve roasting quality in the wider industry, enhance the competitions, and represent a more diverse range of people on stage.”

Understanding the motivation behind competing is also essential. Whether it’s to enhance skills, advance specialty coffee, or represent a company and cultural heritage, it’s a significant part of the journey.

“For me, it’s to represent Mayorga Coffee and the human element of coffee with all the hard work we do at origin and the producers we have close relationships with,” Eduardo explains. “I’m proud to represent not only the United States but also my Mexican heritage and Latino culture.”

Finding Support and Encouragement

For newcomers, the idea of competing can be daunting, but Eduardo emphasizes the importance of taking the leap. “Even if you think you don’t know enough, it will push you to become better and grow your community. It will open opportunities you didn’t know were possible.”

Financial resources can be a barrier, but support is available from companies and organizations, depending on geographical location. “There are coffee bodies that can help alleviate financial restrictions,” Eduardo notes.

Participating in the World Coffee Roasting Championship is an incredible opportunity to refine your craft and showcase your skills. While it requires thorough preparation and training, it also offers the chance to represent yourself, your company, or your country, and elevate the specialty coffee community on a global stage.

A new scientific study has shown that daily coffee consumption can positively impact skin tissues and help maintain youthful skin for as long as possible. Here are the details.

As time passes, it is natural for the skin to lose its elasticity and firmness, leading to the appearance of lines and wrinkles. There are various natural solutions to delay this phenomenon, including self-massage, specific facial exercises, as well as cosmetics and foods that boost collagen production.

In this context, scientists at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing conducted a study on the effects of coffee, tea, and juices on skin cells. The study, published in a medical journal, analyzed the genetic and physiological data of about half a million people aged 40 to 69 from around the world.

The Secret of Coffee:

The results showed that coffee drinkers have better protection against skin aging compared to tea and juice consumers. This is attributed to the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory molecules found in caffeine, which help reduce oxidative stress and thus slow down the aging process of the skin. Caffeine also boosts the production of the enzyme telomerase, which maintains skin youthfulness for a longer period.

As for the other beverages studied, no strong evidence was found to confirm their impact on delaying aging signs. However, the study notes that relying solely on surveys provides only a preliminary picture, highlighting the need for more research to understand the causal relationship between these drinks and skin aging.

Additional Benefits of Coffee for Skin:

1. Improved Blood Circulation: Applying coffee to the skin can enhance blood flow, contributing to healthier, more radiant skin.
2. Cellulite Reduction: Caffeine in coffee can help reduce the appearance of cellulite by promoting blood flow and reducing fat accumulation under the skin.
3. Exfoliation: Using coffee grounds as a natural exfoliant helps remove dead skin cells, leaving the skin smooth and glowing.
4. UV Protection: Topical application of coffee can provide some protection against harmful UV rays, reducing sun-induced damage.

Timing of Coffee Consumption:

While coffee can be beneficial for maintaining youthful skin, the timing of consumption also plays a role. Drinking coffee on an empty stomach in the morning can be harsh on the digestive system and harmful to the skin. Nutrition experts recommend drinking coffee after breakfast to benefit from its stimulating and health-boosting properties.